What Is Dental Decay?

Dental decay refers to the gradual breakdown of tooth enamel caused by acids released by bacteria in the mouth. Over time, plaque—a sticky film made up of bacteria, food particles, and saliva—can accumulate on the teeth. Particularly, it tends to build up in hard-to-reach areas such as pits, grooves, and between teeth, where it is more difficult to clean effectively.

Symptoms

As dental decay progresses, patients may notice discomfort or sensitivity—especially when consuming hot, cold, or sweet foods and drinks. In some cases, visible holes or dark spots may also appear on the affected teeth.

Treatment

In most cases, dental decay is treated with a filling. This involves removing the decayed portion of the tooth and restoring it with a tooth-colored composite resin. However, if the cavity is large or the tooth structure is significantly weakened, your dentist may recommend placing a crown instead. This helps restore both strength and function after the decay is removed.